Math

CONTENTS History Geography Economics Social Studies Skills and Methods

HISTORY: Students use materials drawn from the diversity of human experience to analyze and interpret significant events, patterns and themes in the history of Ohio, the United States and the world.

//Benchmark A: Construct time lines to demonstrate an understanding of units of time and chronological order.// 1. Construct time lines with evenly spaced intervals for years, decades and centuries to show the order of significant events in Ohio history.

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GEOGRAPHY—Students use knowledge of geographic locations, patterns and processes to show the interrelationship between the physical environment and human activity, and to explain the interactions that occur in an increasingly interdependent world.

//Benchmark A: Use map elements or coordinates to locate physical and human features of North America.// 1: Use a linear scale to measure the distance between places on a map.

//Benchmark B: Identify the physical and human characteristics of places and regions in North America.// 7: Explain how resources, transportation and location influenced the development of cities and industries in Ohio including major industries such as oil, steel, rubber and glass.

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ECONOMICS—Students use economic reasoning skills and knowledge of major economic concepts, issues and systems in order to make informed choices as producers, consumers, savers, investors, workers and citizens in an interdependent world.

//Benchmark A: Explain the opportunity costs involved in the allocation of scarce productive resources.// 1: Identify the productive resources needed to produce a good or service and suggest opportunity costs for the resources involved. 2: Explain how the availability of productive resources in Ohio promotes specialization in the production of goods and services and leads to trade.

//Benchmark B: Explain why entrepreneurship, capital goods, technology, specialization and division of labor are important in the production of goods and services.// 3: Explain how entrepreneurs organize productive resources to produce goods and services and that they seek to make profits by taking risks.

//Benchmark C: Explain how competition affects producers and consumers in a market economy and why specialization facilitates trade.// 4: Explain ways in which individuals and households obtain and use income. 5: Explain why people in Ohio specialize in what they produce and then trade with others, which then increases the amount of goods and services available. 6: Explain why many jobs in Ohio depend on markets in other countries and why Ohio is a market for goods and services from other countries.

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SOCIAL STUDIES SKILLS AND METHODS—Students collect, organize, evaluate and synthesize information from multiple sources to draw logical conclusions. Students communicate this information using appropriate social studies terminology in oral, written or multimedia form and apply what they have learned to societal issues in simulated or real-world settings.

//Benchmark B: Use a variety of sources to organize information and draw inferences.// 7: Read and interpret pictographs, bar graphs, line graphs and tables.

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